The 19-year-old Belgium youth international has played once for the Black Cats' first team - in an FA Cup tie a year ago. He spent the first half of last season with Scottish Premiership side Falkirk, where he made nine league appearances.
"Trey has got really good physical attributes, he is a big lad, he's strong and he's got good pace," Shrewsbury head coach Michael Appleton said.
"I like the fact his movement is good. He is comfortable running in behind just as much as he is coming towards the ball. He gives you both options.
"He has scored goals at youth level. Now he needs to showcase his skills.
"He didn't get the minutes he would have wanted at Falkirk, but hopefully we can give him that opportunity and he can score a lot of goals for us."